Matthew Noe Warns of Ethical Issues Surrounding AI in Libraries
cambridge, maandag, 23 juni 2025.
Matthew Noe, an expert from Harvard, shares his concerns about the impact of AI on library ethics and core values in an interview. He emphasises that generative AI (GenAI) could undermine the reliability and integrity of libraries, particularly by introducing biases in cataloguing and reducing the number of library staff. Noe also warns of the loss of trust in libraries if unreliable technologies are implemented.
AI in the Library: A Double-Edged Sword
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in modern libraries presents both opportunities and challenges. Matthew Noe, an expert from Harvard and Head of Collection and Knowledge Management at Harvard Medical School, underscores in a recent interview the need for an ethical framework to manage the impact of AI on library services [1]. Noe points out that generative AI (GenAI) can undermine the reliability and integrity of libraries, especially by introducing biases in cataloguing and reducing the number of library staff. He argues that the core values and professional ethics of libraries, as outlined in the ALA Core Values and ALA Code of Ethics, may conflict with the use of generative AI [1].
Specific Applications of AI in Libraries
AI offers various applications that can enhance library services. One of the most promising applications is AI-driven search systems. These systems can simplify the search experience by delivering relevant results more quickly and providing personalised recommendations based on user behaviour [GPT]. Automatic cataloguing is another significant application. AI can contribute to more efficient and accurate cataloguing of books and other resources, enhancing accessibility for users [GPT]. Additionally, digital assistants, such as chatbots, can help users with their searches and answer questions, making interactions with the library more pleasant [GPT].
Challenges and Ethical Concerns
Despite the benefits, the integration of AI also brings significant challenges. One of the biggest concerns is the impact on privacy. AI systems often require large amounts of user data to function effectively, which can lead to privacy issues and the risk of personal data misuse [1]. Noe also highlights that the use of generative AI can lead to a decrease in information reliability. GenAI tools often prioritise probable information over accurate, unbiased sources, which can conflict with the core values of libraries [1].
The Changing Role of Library Staff
Another major challenge is the changing role of library staff. Noe warns that AI could lead to a reduction in the number of library staff, despite claims of increased efficiency [1]. “For me, the greatest immediate danger is the same as we see with every so-called ‘time-saving’ technology: a reduction in the number of library staff,” states Noe [1]. This could have negative consequences for the quality of service and the involvement of staff in the community [1].
Practical Examples of Innovative Libraries
However, there are libraries that have successfully implemented innovations while considering ethical aspects. For example, the Kennemerwaard Library and Visio have collaborated to make digital offerings more accessible to users with visual impairments [1]. This collaboration demonstrates how technology, when used responsibly, can improve the inclusivity and accessibility of libraries [1].
Expert Views on the Future of AI in Library Services
Experts like Matthew Noe call for a cautious and well-considered implementation of AI in libraries. They emphasise the need for a strong ethical foundation and the involvement of all stakeholders in developing guidelines and policies [1]. Noe argues that only humans should make decisions and that machines should serve as tools [1]. The future of AI in libraries will largely depend on how this technology is deployed and managed, with a focus on preserving core values and ethics [1].
Impact on Information Literacy and Democratisation of Knowledge
The integration of AI in libraries also has a significant impact on information literacy and the democratisation of knowledge. AI-driven tools can help users navigate complex information sources and prepare them for the digital world [GPT]. However, it is crucial that these technologies are used transparently and responsibly to prevent them from leading to inequalities in access to information [1].